Language: S.W. Palawano
| Source/Author: | Bill Davis | |
|---|---|---|
| Notes: | (Author is translator with New Tribes Mission, working among SWP since 1982) I will use our orthography, since it is a simple sound system. We do not write the final glottal but I will use an apostrophe for that and for intervocalic glottal; voiceless stops are unaspirated; <ng> represents the velar nasal phoneme; <l> is high-tongued; <r> is flapped; stress is penultimate unless I say "final" in the author annotation column; there are 4 vowel phonemes (i: high front, a: low central; a slightly rounded mid vowel further back than a schwa but not quite "open o" of 'caught.' for which we use the letter <e>; and a high back rounded. We use both <o> and <u> in the orthography as a bridge to reading Tagalog... there is non-phonemic range of sound which corresponds somewhat to the rules of the orthography (last vowel of word: write as <o>, double is <oo>, otherwise, <u>. | |
| Data Entry: | Typed By: Bill Davis Checked By: | |
| Statistics: |
| |
| Classification: | Austronesian:Malayo-Polynesian:Philippine:Greater Central Philippine:Palawanic | |
| Map | ||
Resources:
Change History:
Showing 3 of 7 entries. Show ALL logged changes
- Updating Classification to Match Ethnologue 16. From: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Meso Philippine, Palawano To: Austronesian, Malayo-Polynesian, Philippine, Greater Central Philippine, Palawanic - Simon Greenhill (2009-07-23 13:36:51)
- Changed from "melangkew" = "tall" (Word 105) - Simon Greenhill (2008-09-02 11:16:51)
- Changed from "melangkew", source: Daniel Kaufman (Word 105) - Simon Greenhill (2007-11-09 10:56:40)
Entries:
| ID: | Word: | Item: | Annotation: | Cognacy: | Loan: |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hand | elima | (final) | 1 | |
| 2 | left | gibang | 24 | ||
| 3 | right | kewanan | 1 | ||
| 4 | leg/foot | tiked | (final) | ||
| 5 | to walk | panew | root; with -um- | 2 | |
| 5 | to walk | manew | irrealis | 2 | |
| 6 | road/path | dalan | (final) | 1 | |
| 7 | to come | ato' | literally "here/come here" | ||
| 7 | to come | mato' | irrealis | ||
| 8 | to turn
|
isi' | (final); literally "to take" | ||
| 8 | to turn
|
misi' et gibang | "turn left" (irrealis) | ||
| 8 | to turn
|
misi' et kewanan | "turn right" (irrealis) | ||
| 8 | to turn
|
misi' et debdeb | "go straight" (chest) (irrealis) | ||
| 9 | to swim | langoy | 1 | ||
| 9 | to swim | lumangoy | 1 | ||
| 9 | to swim | meglangoy | 1 | ||
| 10 | dirty | meridi' | |||
| 11 | dust | elikabok | 1 | ||
| 12 | skin | kulit | 1 | ||
| 13 | back
|
likod | (final) | 1 | |
| 14 | belly | berebewang | (final) is lower abdomen | ||
| 14 | belly | beteng | stomach (internal) and upper belly (outer) | ||
| 15 | bone | tulang | 1 | ||
| 16 | intestines | tine'i | small intestine | 21 | |
| 16 | intestines | bituka | large intestine | 21 | |
| 17 | liver | atey | 1 | ||
| 18 | breast | dudo' | |||
| 19 | shoulder | ebaga | |||
| 20 | to know, be knowledgeable | seod | (final) (no glottal between); as verb "to learn" | ||
| 20 | to know, be knowledgeable | keseudan | tenseless "know" (final) with genitive agent | ||
| 20 | to know, be knowledgeable | meseudan | (final) | ||
| 21 | to think | pikir | 22 | ||
| 21 | to think | memikir | (irrealis) | 22 | |
| 22 | to fear | takot | 1 | ||
| 22 | to fear | tumakot | (irrealis) | 1 | |
| 23 | blood | dugo' | (final) | 16 | |
| 24 | head | ulo | 1 | ||
| 25 | neck | lieg | (final) (no glottal) | ||
| 26 | hair
|
buek | (final) (no glottal between in most subdialects) | 1 | |
| 27 | nose | edong | |||
| 28 | to breathe | ginawa | 1 | ||
| 28 | to breathe | megginawa | (irrealis) | 1 | |
| 29 | to sniff, smell | arek | |||
| 29 | to sniff, smell | marek | (irrealis) | ||
| 29 | to sniff, smell | erkan | (final) | ||
| 30 | mouth | munong | lips | ||
| 30 | mouth | baba' | mouth opening | ||
| 31 | tooth | nipen | tooth | ||
| 31 | tooth | bigang | molar | ||
| 31 | tooth | tango | eye tooth | ||
| 32 | tongue | dila' | 4 | ||
| 33 | to laugh | kesit | (most basic of many words) | ||
| 33 | to laugh | kumsit | (irrealis) | ||
| 34 | to cry | siak | (final) (no glottal) | ||
| 34 | to cry | sumiak | (final) | ||
| 35 | to vomit | suka | 9 | ||
| 35 | to vomit | sumuka | 9 | ||
| 35 | to vomit | kesuda | 9 | ||
| 36 | to spit | ibeg | |||
| 36 | to spit | mibeg | (final) | 47 | |
| 37 | to eat | kumaan | (final) = eat something | ||
| 37 | to eat | kaan | (final) | 1 | |
| 37 | to eat | mengaan | (final) = eat meal | ||
| 38 | to chew
|
sepa' | |||
| 38 | to chew
|
megsepa' | (irrealis) | ||
| 39 | to cook
|
iluto' | |||
| 39 | to cook
|
meg'iluto' | (irrealis) | ||
| 40 | to drink | inom | 1 | ||
| 40 | to drink | minom | (final) | 1 | |
| 41 | to bite | kagat | 1 | ||
| 41 | to bite | kumagat | (irrealis) | 1 | |
| 42 | to suck | sepsep | 1 | ||
| 42 | to suck | megsepsep | (final) | 1 | |
| 43 | ear | telinga | (final) | 1 | |
| 44 | to hear | kingeg | |||
| 44 | to hear | kumingeg | (final) | ||
| 44 | to hear | pekingeg | (final) | ||
| 45 | eye | mata | (final) | 1 | |
| 46 | to see | mebiri' | (irrealis) | ||
| 46 | to see | mebiri' | look at (intentional) | ||
| 46 | to see | biri' | |||
| 47 | to yawn | wab | 1 | ||
| 47 | to yawn | megwab | (irrealis) | ||
| 48 | to sleep | iga' | |||
| 48 | to sleep | miga' | (final) | ||
| 49 | to lie down
|
buntol | |||
| 49 | to lie down
|
pebuntol | (final) | ||
| 50 | to dream | teginep | 30 | ||
| 50 | to dream | meneginep | (final) | 30 | |
| 51 | to sit | adong | |||
| 51 | to sit | peadong | (irrealis) | ||
| 51 | to sit | madong | (irrealis) | ||
| 52 | to stand | teyeg | |||
| 52 | to stand | tumyeg | (final) | ||
| 53 | person/human being | taaw | (final) | ||
| 54 | man/male | lelaki | 2 | ||
| 55 | woman/female | libon | 17 | ||
| 56 | child | memulek | (final) | ||
| 57 | husband | esawa | 2 | ||
| 57 | husband | esawa na' lelaki | (to be specific) | 2 | |
| 58 | wife | esawa | 1 | ||
| 58 | wife | esawa na' libon | (to be specific) | 1 | |
| 59 | mother | indo' | (final) | ||
| 60 | father | ama' | (final) | 1 | |
| 61 | house | benwa | |||
| 62 | thatch/roof | sapew | (final) = roof, | 15 | |
| 62 | thatch/roof | pawed | thatch | 15 | |
| 62 | thatch/roof | pinawed | thatch | 15 | |
| 63 | name | ngaran | 1 | ||
| 64 | to say | beres | |||
| 64 | to say | meres | (irrealis) | ||
| 65 | rope | tali | rope | 1 | |
| 65 | rope | siget | s/t to tie with | 1 | |
| 66 | to tie up, fasten | siget | |||
| 66 | to tie up, fasten | sumiget | (irrealis) | ||
| 66 | to tie up, fasten | sigtan | Dir. Focus. | ||
| 67 | to sew
|
tehi' | |||
| 67 | to sew
|
tumehi' | (irrealis) | ||
| 68 | needle | dagom | 1 | ||
| 69 | to hunt
|
subok | (most generic of many terms) | ||
| 69 | to hunt
|
menubok | (final) | ||
| 70 | to shoot
|
pana' | 1 | ||
| 70 | to shoot
|
megpana' | (but we don't have arrows… this would be a small spear gun for crayfish), (irrealis) | 1 | |
| 71 | to stab, pierce | seksak | |||
| 71 | to stab, pierce | sumeksak | (final) | ||
| 72 | to hit
|
lipak | |||
| 72 | to hit
|
lumipak | (final) | ||
| 72 | to hit
|
meglipak | (final) | ||
| 73 | to steal | takew | 1 | ||
| 73 | to steal | menakew | (irrealis) | 1 | |
| 73 | to steal | laog | (to rob face-to-face) | 1 | |
| 74 | to kill | imatey | |||
| 74 | to kill | mengimatey | (with no object=suicide) | ||
| 74 | to kill | mimatey | mimatey | ||
| 75 | to die, be dead | patey | 1 | ||
| 75 | to die, be dead | matey | mimatey | 1 | |
| 76 | to live, be alive | biag | (final) | 13 | |
| 76 | to live, be alive | megbiag | 13 | ||
| 77 | to scratch
|
kutkot | 21 | ||
| 77 | to scratch
|
kumutkot | (final) | 21 | |
| 77 | to scratch
|
mengutkot | (final) | ||
| 78 | to cut, hack
|
tigbas | = chop with machete or ax | ||
| 78 | to cut, hack
|
tumigbas | (final) | ||
| 79 | stick/wood | kayo | 1 | ||
| 80 | to split
|
randang | if long | ||
| 80 | to split
|
bela' | (split solid object) | ||
| 80 | to split
|
megbela' | (rare), (irrealis) | ||
| 80 | to split
|
ridis | spilt a second time | ||
| 81 | sharp | metarem | |||
| 82 | dull, blunt | megaddel | |||
| 83 | to work
|
keradya | (most generic for "work") | ||
| 83 | to work
|
megkeradya | (irrealis) | ||
| 84 | to plant | luak | 26 | ||
| 84 | to plant | lumuak | (final, plant item) | 26 | |
| 84 | to plant | mengluak | (final, plant many things) | 26 | |
| 84 | to plant | sasad | plant rice (final) | 26 | |
| 85 | to choose | pili' | |||
| 85 | to choose | memili' | (irrealis) | ||
| 86 | to grow
|
dekla' | |||
| 86 | to grow
|
dumekla' | (final) | ||
| 87 | to swell
|
baga' | |||
| 87 | to swell
|
maga' | (irrealis) | ||
| 88 | to squeeze
|
megpega | (irrealis, rare in AF) | ||
| 88 | to squeeze
|
pega | |||
| 89 | to hold
|
kepet | |||
| 89 | to hold
|
kumpet | (final) | ||
| 90 | to dig | kali | 1 | ||
| 90 | to dig | megkali | (irrealis) | ||
| 91 | to buy | elen | |||
| 91 | to buy | melen | (final) | ||
| 92 | to open, uncover | tumukas | = open lid (final) | ||
| 92 | to open, uncover | tukas | |||
| 93 | to pound, beat
|
lebek | |||
| 93 | to pound, beat
|
menglebek | (final) | ||
| 94 | to throw
|
bakal | |||
| 94 | to throw
|
megbakal | (final) | ||
| 94 | to throw
|
megbakal | (final) | ||
| 95 | to fall
|
degdag | 56 | ||
| 95 | to fall
|
dumegdag | (final, 2-place intransitive) | ||
| 95 | to fall
|
medegdag | (final, 1-place intransitive) | ||
| 96 | dog | ideng | (final) | ||
| 97 | bird | begit | |||
| 98 | egg | tilog | |||
| 99 | feather | bulbol | (also = fur, body hair) | ||
| 100 | wing | elad | (final) | 23 | |
| 101 | to fly | lepad | |||
| 101 | to fly | lumpad | (final) | 21 | |
| 102 | rat | belab | (final) …generic | ||
| 103 | meat/flesh | uned | (final) | ||
| 104 | fat/grease | taba' | (final) | ||
| 105 | tail | ipos | 30 | ||
| 106 | snake | seli | |||
| 107 | worm (earthworm) | lungati | |||
| 108 | louse
|
kuto | 1 | ||
| 109 | mosquito | kuramot | |||
| 109 | mosquito | tegnek | other type (final) | ||
| 110 | spider | kelelawa' | (final) | ||
| 111 | fish | seda' | |||
| 112 | rotten
|
burok | (final) | 1 | |
| 112 | rotten
|
meburok | (final) | ||
| 113 | branch
|
sanga | 2 | ||
| 114 | leaf | deon | (final) no glottal in most subdialects | ||
| 115 | root | gamot | 3 | ||
| 116 | flower | burak-burak | (final) | ||
| 117 | fruit | bua' | (final) no glottal in most subdialects | 1 | |
| 118 | grass | kenit-kenit | lawn-type grass in general | ||
| 119 | earth/soil | lugta' | |||
| 120 | stone | bato | 1 | ||
| 121 | sand | egis | |||
| 122 | water
|
danom | 1 | ||
| 123 | to flow | burbor | |||
| 123 | to flow | murbor | (irrealis) | ||
| 124 | sea | dagat | (at the beach, the sea is "dagat") | 25 | |
| 124 | sea | lawed | (while inland the sea and seashore are "lawed") | 25 | |
| 125 | salt | asin | (final) | ||
| 126 | lake | - | they have no lakes; "Sea of Galilee" has been called dagat-dagatan" but this is contrived | ||
| 127 | woods/forest | talon | 30 | ||
| 127 | woods/forest | geba' | virgin forest | ||
| 127 | woods/forest | bengley | second growth | ||
| 128 | sky | langit | 1 | ||
| 128 | sky | lengew-legnew | (final) | 1 | |
| 129 | moon | bulan | (final) | 1 | |
| 130 | star | bituen | (final) no glottal in most subdialects | 1 | |
| 131 | cloud
|
inarak | |||
| 132 | fog | habong | |||
| 133 | rain | delek | (final) | ||
| 134 | thunder | duldog | (final) | ||
| 135 | lightning | kilat | 1 | ||
| 136 | wind | deres | (final) | ||
| 137 | to blow
|
dumres | a. (final) | ||
| 137 | to blow
|
tepiog | b. (final) | ||
| 137 | to blow
|
tumepiog | b. (final) | ||
| 137 | to blow
|
tepig | b. (final) | ||
| 137 | to blow
|
tumepig | b. (final) | ||
| 138 | warm
|
meinit | hot | ||
| 138 | warm
|
meinit-init | warm | ||
| 139 | cold
|
meramig | (final) = cold | ||
| 139 | cold
|
meramig-ramig | "cool" | ||
| 140 | dry
|
toog | a. & b. | ||
| 140 | dry
|
ipetoog | (final) to dry s.t. | ||
| 140 | dry
|
tumoog | b. | ||
| 141 | wet | basa' | (some say mebasa' but most call that a Tagalogism) | ||
| 142 | heavy | mebegat | (final) | ||
| 143 | fire | apoy | 1 | ||
| 144 | to burn
|
tumutong | (final) set fire to s.t. | ||
| 144 | to burn
|
deket | intransitive "to burn" | ||
| 144 | to burn
|
tutong | (act of burning something) | ||
| 144 | to burn
|
dektan | intransitive "to burn" (final) | ||
| 145 | smoke
|
tabok | 30 | ||
| 146 | ash | abo | 1 | ||
| 147 | black | meitem | (final) | ||
| 148 | white | meputi' | (final) | ||
| 149 | red | mepula | (final) | ||
| 150 | yellow | mekunit | |||
| 151 | green | melunew | (also = blue) | ||
| 152 | small | ibon-ibon | more generic | ||
| 152 | small | merinek | for tiny particle objects | ||
| 153 | big | kela' | note above under "grow larger": dekla' is root for verb form with -um-, plural adjective mededekra' (final) | ||
| 154 | short
|
mebaba' | same for both a./b. | ||
| 154 | short
|
mepandak | (final) for short people | ||
| 155 | long
|
melembo' | |||
| 156 | thin
|
menipis | this = flat object | ||
| 156 | thin
|
merinek | for rope etc. (final) | ||
| 157 | thick
|
mekapal | (final) = flat objects | ||
| 157 | thick
|
measlag | (final), for rope etc | ||
| 158 | narrow | mekitib | (final) = thin object | ||
| 158 | narrow | mekpit | narrow space between (final) | ||
| 159 | wide | mebkang | (final) | ||
| 159 | wide | melawak | wide space between | ||
| 160 | painful, sick | mesakit | |||
| 161 | shy, ashamed | meleo | if incidental rather than personality trait | ||
| 161 | shy, ashamed | megleo | |||
| 162 | old
|
megurang | (final) | ||
| 163 | new | bago | 1 | ||
| 164 | good | menunga | (final) | ||
| 165 | bad, evil | meyaat | (final) | ||
| 165 | bad, evil | meraat | var. (final) | ||
| 166 | correct, true | sugat | "correct" (final) | ||
| 166 | correct, true | banar | "true" (final) | 1 | |
| 167 | night | gebi | (final) | ||
| 167 | night | gebii | rare (final) | ||
| 168 | day | eldew | (final) | ||
| 169 | year | te'on | (final) | 1 | |
| 170 | when?
|
ngiran | (final) | ||
| 170 | when?
|
kengiran | if in past (final) | ||
| 171 | to hide
|
tago' | 13 | ||
| 171 | to hide
|
petago' | 13 | ||
| 172 | to climb
|
ineik | a. | ||
| 172 | to climb
|
mineik | climb ladder/tree | ||
| 172 | to climb
|
tindal | (final) for ladder | ||
| 172 | to climb
|
tumindal | (final) "go up stairs" | ||
| 172 | to climb
|
tungol | b. (final) | ||
| 172 | to climb
|
tumungol | (final) | ||
| 173 | at | atot | "at (near)" | ||
| 173 | at | eset | "at (general not too far)" | ||
| 173 | at | doot | "at (far)" | ||
| 174 | in, inside | seled | "inside" | 14 | |
| 175 | above | timbew | top surface or above the surface | ||
| 176 | below | sirib | (under object) if under a house (which is on stilts) | 27 | |
| 176 | below | sirong | under shade of tree/eave etc | 27 | |
| 177 | this | ito' | (final) this is basic form, has 4 forms each of this/that/that, 4 each of here/there/there, and 4 each of "this way/that way/that way" | ||
| 178 | that | yatin | (most common and inuitive… see annotation for "this") | ||
| 179 | near | mekabi' | |||
| 180 | far | merayo' | |||
| 181 | where?
|
embe | (final) | ||
| 182 | I | ako | (final); free nominative; | 1 | |
| 182 | I | ko | both clitic nominative and genitive | 1 | |
| 183 | thou | ikew | (final) free | ||
| 183 | thou | ke | clitic | ||
| 184 | he/she | ya | |||
| 185 | we
|
kami | free | 2 | |
| 185 | we
|
kay | clitic | 2 | |
| 186 | you | kemuyo | free | ||
| 186 | you | kew | clitic (kaw in some areas) | ||
| 187 | they | diye | |||
| 188 | what?
|
eno | |||
| 189 | who?
|
sino | (some areas si'no) | 14 | |
| 190 | other | iba | "other, another," or "different" (final) | 12 | |
| 190 | other | le'in | "other, another," or "different" | 12 | |
| 191 | all | tanan | 24 | ||
| 191 | all | ginsan | 24 | ||
| 192 | and | bo' | |||
| 193 | if | ba' | |||
| 194 | how?
|
enukuan | (final); no glottal | ||
| 195 | no, not | diki | if "I did NOT shoot the pig" | ||
| 195 | no, not | sala' | (final) if not identity; as in that's not a pig | ||
| 196 | to count | itong | (also hear bilang) | ||
| 197 | One
|
isa' | (final), (not as modifier… that is seng- a bound form) | ||
| 198 | Two
|
dua | (final) | 1 | |
| 199 | Three
|
telo | 1 | ||
| 200 | Four
|
epat | 1 | ||
| 201 | Five
|
lima | (final) | 1 | |
| 202 | Six
|
enem | 1 | ||
| 203 | Seven
|
turo' | (final) | ||
| 204 | Eight
|
walo | 3 | ||
| 205 | Nine
|
siam | (final) | 9 | |
| 206 | Ten
|
sengpulo' | (final); here's the seng- this is "ten" as modifer, in rare instances you might hear pulo' alone to mean abstract "ten" or "there were ten(s) of something" | 5 | |
| 207 | Twenty
|
duang pulo' | (final) | ||
| 208 | Fifty
|
llimang pulo' | (final) | 1, 2 | |
| 209 | One Hundred
|
senggatos | gatos is root used in pireng gatos ("how many hundred?") but not as modifier | 4 | |
| 210 | One Thousand
|
sengribo | ribo is root used in pireng ribo ("how many thousand?") but not as modifier | 6, 5 |



